Periodontal Disease: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
What is Periodontal Disease?
Periodontal disease is an infection of the gums and tissues that support your teeth. It affects up to 40% of adults, often without noticeable pain. Early detection is key—waiting until you feel discomfort can put your teeth at risk.
Causes of Gum Disease
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Plaque buildup: Sticky bacterial film forming on teeth.
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Tartar (calculus): Hardened plaque that requires professional cleaning.
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Poor oral hygiene increases risk, but proper brushing, flossing, and interdental cleaning can help prevent it.
Stages of Gum Disease
1. Gingivitis
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Early, reversible stage.
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Symptoms: Red, swollen, or bleeding gums.
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Treatment: Professional cleaning + consistent oral hygiene.
2. Periodontitis
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Advanced stage damaging gums and bone.
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Symptoms: Receding gums, loose teeth, exposed roots, sensitivity, bad breath.
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Treatment: Deep cleaning, possible referral to a periodontist.
Signs You May Have Gum Disease
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Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
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Swollen or tender gums
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Gums pulling away from teeth (teeth look longer)
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Persistent bad breath or bad taste
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Loose or shifting teeth
How We Treat Periodontal Disease
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Deep cleaning (scaling & root planing) to remove plaque and tartar
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Local anaesthetic for comfort during treatment
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Specialist referral if advanced care is required
Prevent Gum Disease
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Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
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Floss or use interdental brushes daily
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Regular professional dental cleanings
Any surgical or invasive procedure carries risks. Before proceeding, you should seek a second opinion from an appropriately qualified health practitioner.
Certain cases may be referred to a specialist for assessment or treatment to support optimal outcomes, patient comfort and long-term oral health